Hindu holy city votes as India’s six-week election ends

Nevin Al Sukari - Sana'a - A polling official ties a cloth around her face at a distribution center in Varanasi on May 31, 2024, on the eve of the seventh and final phase of voting in India's general election. — AFP pic

VARANASI, June 1 — India’s six-week election reaches its final day of voting today, including in the holy city Prime Minister Narendra Modi has used as a staging post for his Hindu nationalist agenda.

Modi is widely expected to win a third term in office after results are announced Tuesday, in large part due to the cultivation of his image as an aggressive champion of India’s majority faith.

The 73-year-old’s constituency of Varanasi is the spiritual capital of Hinduism, where devotees from around India come to cremate deceased loved ones by the Ganges river.

It is one of the final cities to vote in India’s gruelling election and where public support for Modi’s ever-closer alignment of religion and politics burns brightest.

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“Modi is obviously winning,” Vijayendra Kumar Singh, who works in one of the popular pilgrimage destination’s many hotels, told AFP.

“There’s a sense of pride with everything he does, and that’s why people vote for him.”

Modi has already led the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to two landslide victories in 2014 and 2019, forged in large part by his appeal to the Hindu faithful.

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This year he presided over the inauguration of a grand temple to the deity Ram, built on the grounds of a centuries-old mosque in Ayodhya razed by Hindu zealots in 1992.

Construction of the temple fulfilled a longstanding demand of Hindu activists and was widely celebrated across the country with back-to-back television coverage and street parties.

The ceremony, and numerous other chest-beating appeals to India’s majority religion over the past decade, have in turn made many among the country’s 200 million-plus minority Muslim community increasingly uneasy about their futures.

Modi himself has made a number of strident comments about Muslims on the campaign trail, referring to them as “infiltrators”.

He has also accused the motley coalition of more than two dozen opposition parties contesting the poll of plotting to redistribute India’s wealth to its Muslim citizens.

Analysts have long expected Modi to triumph against the opposition alliance, which at no point has named an agreed candidate for prime minister.

His prospects have been further bolstered by several criminal probes into his opponents and a tax investigation this year that froze the bank accounts of Congress, India’s largest opposition party.

A polling officer checks a Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) machine at a distribution centre in Varanasi on May 31, 2024, on the eve of the seventh and final phase of voting in India's general election. — AFP pic

Heat factor

India has voted in seven phases over six weeks to ease the immense logistical burden of staging an election in the world’s most populous country.

Both counting and results are expected on Tuesday but exit polls published after polling closes today are expected to give an indication of the winner.

Turnout is down several percentage points from the last national poll in 2019, with analysts blaming widespread expectations of a Modi victory as well as successive heatwaves scorching India’s northern states.

Extensive scientific research shows climate change is causing heatwaves to become longer, more frequent and more intense, with Asia warming faster than the global average.

Temperatures in Varanasi were expected to peak at 44 degrees Celsius (111 degrees Fahrenheit) during today’s voting. — AFP