The latest developments in Corona vaccines and medicines .. 6 crucial...

The latest developments of Corona vaccines and medicines 6 months are crucial

Scientists continue to search for the best ways to fight the emerging corona virus, which has become a threat to all citizens around the world, 10 months after its appearance.
After British scientists gave good news about the possible date for the distribution of the Oxford vaccine, the most prominent candidate to fight Covid-19, we review the latest developments of Corona vaccines and drugs.
Oxford Vaccine
Scientists at Oxford University are confident of obtaining approval for the vaccine by early 2021, provided that it will be distributed to citizens in April 2021, according to the British Mirror newspaper.
According to the chief scientific advisor in the United Kingdom Sir Patrick Vallance, Britain can still get a vaccine before the start of 2021, indicating that it is possible that one of the dozens of experimental vaccines that are tried on humans will be ready before 2021.
The vaccine was manufactured in large quantities by the giant pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca, and its effectiveness has not yet been proven, but early studies showed that it is promising, and tests were briefly stopped two weeks ago due to safety concerns, but it started again in the UK but stopped so far in the US. The regulators are said to be concerned about negative side effects.
Fertilization -Biontech
The vaccine -Biontech, Germany, will be ready at the end of this year, according to the researchers, the vaccine is being developed by a German company in partnership with the American pharmaceutical company Pfizer, the experiments are being held on 30,000 volunteers for the third phase of experiments.
It will include injecting part of a genetic material from the Corona virus into the participants, this will expose their immune system to a weak copy of the virus, and he hopes to trigger a response that protects them from the real virus.
Moderna
While the Moderna vaccine, in the United States, has entered the human trials phase, and it will be ready at the end of this year or early next year 2021, the vaccine has relied on 20,000 participants in the third phase of trials, with no possible side effects noticed, a second test will be conducted on more Of patients next month, that means it could be available by the end of 2020.
Sanofi
Sanofi and GlaxoSmithKline vaccine, UK and France, will be ready in the first half of 2021, the vaccine entered the second phase of clinical trials in September, which included 440 adults, and will reach the third phase of trials in December of this year, which means that the development of The vaccine may take longer.
Sputnik
Sputnik vaccine, Russia, according to the Kremlin, the Sputnik V vaccine is safe, but scientists criticized it, and the Russian Medical Research Institute and the Russian Ministry of Defense developed this vaccine, but it faced serious criticism inside and outside Russia because the results of human trials have not yet been published, and the experiments have not been cleared. The large humanity, as researchers launched a single trial involving 40,000 volunteers on August 26.
Sinovac

Sinovac vaccine, China, it is not clear when the Sinovac vaccine will be available, and it entered the final phase of trials in Brazil in July, and then in Indonesia in August, the results show that while younger and middle-aged people produce the antibodies, the elderly had a response Weaker immunity, the vaccine was granted emergency approval for limited use in July, reports indicate, although it appears to be still undergoing testing, it was previously reported to be second only to the Oxford vaccine, but the full test results have not yet been published. Four candidate vaccines are under development in China.
pharmaceutical
Scientists are also struggling to search for drugs that fight the virus and have reached the following:
Remdesivir
The experimental antiviral drug, produced by Gilead Sciences, was the first drug to receive an emergency use license from the US Food and Drug Administration. It was initially developed to treat hepatitis C and RSV, which is a virus that can cause serious respiratory infections, and works by preventing viruses from reproducing by inserting themselves into the affected genes, and it has recently been proven that “remdesivir” reduced the risk of death in patients with severe Corona virus, By 62% during a clinical study, and a previous study also found that the drug “remdesivir” helped Corona virus patients recover more quickly.
Dexamethasone
Many American hospitals began using the widely available steroid to treat “Covid-19” patients in June, after a preliminary study by British researchers found that the inexpensive drug reduces the risk of death by about a third in patients who need help with breathing or oxygen. .
The anti-inflammatory drug is used in the treatment of edema, tumors in the spine, and inflammation of the brain and eye. It is also used as a treatment for certain types of autoimmune diseases and cancers, including leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
But dexamethasone may do more harm than good for patients who suffer from mild cases of coronavirus. The National Institutes of Health does not recommend the drug for use in those who do not require additional oxygen or a ventilator.
– RLF-100
Also called “aviptadil,” it is a synthetic form of a natural peptide that protects the lung, and the treatment has just been given a fast-rating for emergency use in the United States by the FDA.
Interferon beta
An inhalable form of “interferon beta”, a protein that the body produces in fighting a viral infection, helped reduce the chances of patients contracting serious cases of the Corona virus by 79%, according to a preliminary study from the first phase of the clinical trial that was issued last month, and the treatment is inhaled, Developed by the British company Synairgen, directly into the lungs, however, the trial was conducted in only a small group of patients.
Regeneron
The experimental drug Regeneron, developed by the American biotechnology company Regeneron, consists of two antibodies, reducing virus levels and improving symptoms in non-hospitalized Corona Covid-19 patients, which enhances its chances of becoming a cure for the disease, according to CNN.
The Regeneron cocktail, REGN-COV2, contains an antibody the company makes from mice, and another isolated from a recovered Covid 19 patient, both of which may help neutralize the Coronavirus.
The antibodies stick to different parts of the “spiky protein” of the virus, which leads to distorting its structure, and the company announced some results from an early clinical trial, saying that its treatment reduced the viral load and recovery time in non-hospitalized Covid patients.

Quoted by Masrawy