Its temperature is estimated at 18,000 degrees
This system consists of two stars and is called “b Cen“ It is heavy in weight, with a mass of six to ten times the mass of the sun, noting that no planet has been discovered so far around a star system of more than three solar masses.
And the European Southern Observatory quoted Stockholm University astronomer Markus Janssen, the lead author of the study published in the journal Nature, as saying that stars such as these two “constitute an environment that is considered destructive and extremely dangerous, so that it was thought that it was very difficult for large planets to form” in its surroundings.
And the surface of the star is more radiant than binary b Cen Far away, about 325 light-years from Earth, an estimated temperature of more than 18,000 degrees Celsius, more than three times the temperature of the sun. When the sun was still in the process of formation, its initial planetary disk, which is a cloud of gas and dust, witnessed the formation of planets, most notably Jupiter, by the dust conglomerate. Its rocky core then accelerated the gas that today forms the atmosphere of the solar system’s largest planet. But the stars are like “b Cen“ So hot and bright that its light blows matter around it and there isn’t enough of it to form a rocky nucleus close to it, explained Gael Chauvin, an astronomer at the French National Center for Scientific Research, a member of the French-Chilean Joint Astronomy Unit, who co-authored the study.
The researcher asks, “What is the mechanism of the formation of planets that operate in such a harsh environment by very strong radiation?”, as observations by the Very Large Telescope of the European Southern Observatory in Chile and its “Sphere” instrument showed that a planet can form around a huge star. Although this is theoretically difficult.
Characteristics of the discovered planet
It is marked by a planet b Cen (AB) b Which this telescope photographed with distinctive characteristics. It belongs to the same type as Jupiter, that is, the gas giant planets, but its mass is about eleven times greater. More importantly, the distance that separates it from its two stars is enormous, which is 100 times greater than that which separates Jupiter from the sun. First, it was necessary to make sure that it was already in interstellar orbit b Cen Despite this distance that separates him from them. The surprise was when a return to the archive showed that the planet had been observed 20 years ago, but the small telescope at the time did not allow the observatory to determine its nature. The comparison with what was observed in 2000 confirmed that its movement is indeed the movement of a planet, and that it moves in the same way as its host star, that is, it is in its orbit.
As for how it was formed, “there is no likely scenario.” Although the observed system is young, and barely reaches its age of 15 million years, it is existing and fully formed, and it would have been possible to know what happened if it was in the process of formation, that is, if it was between one and two million years old. It is believed that the emergence b Cen (AB) b The formation of a rocky core was required by dust agglomeration at a large enough distance from the two stars, or by the phenomenon of gravitational instability, where part of the dust cloud may have suddenly collapsed on itself. Research is still in its infancy, and the international team working with Markus Janssen will seek to learn the planet’s chemical composition. This is expected to take a few years, and may allow the discovery of the most likely scenario for how the planet formed.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
The word asteroids means meteorites and other celestial bodies, which penetrate the Earth’s atmosphere and fall to the Earth, and may cause severe destruction at the sites of their fall.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
Asteroid 2011 ES4 passed close to our blue planet on September 1. And its path was 120,000 kilometers away from Earth, which is three times closer than the moon, but it remains a safe distance, as space centers have reassured. Although scientists do not know much about this asteroid, they have determined its diameter between 22 and 49 meters.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
The European Space Agency intends to send a probe to the asteroid Didymos, which is about 800 meters in diameter and has a small satellite of 170 meters called Didymon.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
It will first enter the orbit of the asteroid “Dedemos” through a probe on a mission known as (AIM), and then a ground robot will be placed on the asteroid. The probe will transmit information about the asteroid and send it using a laser to Earth. In addition, two small cube-shaped satellites will approach Didymos’ moon.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
Two years later, in 2022, the two asteroids will pass Earth at a distance of eleven million kilometers, and this is a relatively close distance. At that time, a NASA spacecraft will set a target for its moon, Didim.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
Then you smash it hard, and this will result in the moon being displaced from its orbit around Didymus something. The probe, the robot and the two satellites will follow everything in detail. It is assumed that high-resolution images and measurement results will help in finding out how asteroids in the future will be removed from their orbit, to prevent them from colliding with the Earth.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
There are countless asteroids rippling through space, several kilometers in diameter. Scientists observe these asteroids closely, but they have not yet discovered any asteroid that is expected to hit Earth within the next 100 years.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
In February 2013, an asteroid weighing 130,000 tons, called 2012 DA14, headed toward Earth hard. It approached it at a distance of 27,000 kilometers, a distance closer to us than some satellites.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
About 65 million years ago, a huge meteorite fell on the Yucatan Peninsula of present-day Mexico. This gave rise to the “Chixulub Crater”, which has a diameter of 300 km. Experts believe that this incident led to the extermination of the dinosaurs.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
Meteorites are similar in appearance to stones found on Earth. But its outer surface looks scorched and has holes. The reason for this is the melting of the meteorite when it enters the Earth’s atmosphere.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
As for the comets, they consist of a gas cloud, a huge tail of gas and rocks, and countless dust particles.. If dust particles from comets reach the Earth’s atmosphere, the temperature of the particles rises to three thousand degrees Celsius and begins to light up, and thus meteors are generated.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
And when a comet passes very close to Earth, it falls on countless meteors. And every time a meteor falls to the ground, the view is wonderful, as here at the site of “Stone Heng” in England.
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Reckless space projectiles threaten to destroy our blue planet
The European Space Agency is building an early warning system against meteorites in Frascati, Italy. Data from telescopes. And data will be poured into it by observatories such as this observatory located on the island of “Tenerife”, the largest of the Canary Islands of Spain.
F.Y.S.M. (AFP)
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