According to a study recently published in the journal Cell, infection with the virus indirectly reduces the action of olfactory receptors (OR), proteins on the surfaces of nerve cells in the nose that detect molecules related to odors, according to Russia Today.
Led by researchers from New York University Grossman School of Medicine and Columbia University, the new study may also shed light on the effects of “Covid-19” on other types of brain cells, and on other ongoing neurological effects of “Covid-19” such as “brain fog”, headaches and depression. .
Experiments showed that the presence of the virus near neurons in the olfactory tissues triggered a rush of immune cells, microglia and T cells, which sense and fight infection.
More specifically, SARS-COV-2 infects cells that support neurons in the olfactory system, called support cells. And when these cells die from the infection, they send out a massive amount of inflammatory molecules, known as cytokines that alter the genetic activity of olfactory nerve cells, even though the virus cannot infect them, the study authors say.
In other scenarios, the activity of immune cells dissipates rapidly in the brain, and according to the team’s theory, immune signals persist in a way that reduces the activity of genes needed to build olfactory receptors.
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